Armed with the 9M331 missile, the Tor-M1 has a maximum engagement altitude of 6 km and a maximum engagement range of 15 km. Produced by the Fakel Design Bureau, Tor-M1’s 9M330 and 9M331 missiles have a launch weight of 165kg and can reach a maximum speed of over Mach 2. 4Ī baseline Tor unit houses up to eight missiles in its vertical-launch system. The radar has a maximum range of over 25km it is complemented by an electrooptical tracking system with a range of 20 km. Operating in the K-band, the radar is highly resistant to adverse weather conditions and electronic countermeasures. Cruise missiles typically possess RCSs of 0.5m 2 or smaller. The second, an electronically-steered tracking radar, can simultaneously engage up to two targets with radar cross sections (RCS) as small as 0.1m 2. The surveillance radar’s detection range is reportedly 25 km or greater. The first, a mechanically-scanned surveillance radar, can scan up to 48 targets and serves a secondary tracking function for up to ten targets. The baseline Tor system uses two radars to detect and engage manned aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, missiles, and other precision-guided munitions. The vehicle’s maximum speed is 65 km/h and the system is capable of scanning for targets while moving later variants possess a limited capacity to fire while moving.
The Tor air defense system incorporates a surveillance antenna, tracking radar, and 9M330/9M331 missiles on a tracked chassis.
The first production-series Tor variant, the Tor-M, entered service in 1991. Development of the Tor system began during the 1980s, reaching an initial operational capability in 1986. Photo: Russian Ministry of DefenseĪ successor the 9K33 Osa (SA-8 Gecko), Tor was designed to defend point targets and armored divisions against aircraft, helicopters, and precision-guided munitions. Tor (SA-15 Gauntlet) at a Glance Originated from Russia Possessed by Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, China, Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, Iran, Russia Alternate Names SA-15 Gauntlet, Thor, Thorus, Bublik (Russian unofficial) Class Short-range Air Defense (SHORAD) Basing Mobile, ground-based Warhead 15 kg high-explosive fragmentation (9M331) Range 12-16 km Status Operational In service 1986-Present
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